最新机械厂实训报告3000通用(八篇)

时间:2024-12-17 作者:储xy

随着个人素质的提升,报告使用的频率越来越高,我们在写报告的时候要注意逻辑的合理性。报告书写有哪些要求呢?我们怎样才能写好一篇报告呢?下面是小编为大家带来的报告优秀范文,希望大家可以喜欢。

机械厂实训报告3000篇一

生产实习是我们机自专业知识结构中不可缺少的组成部分,并作为一个独立的项目列入专业教学计划中的。其目的在于通过实习使学生获得基本生产的感性知识,理论联系实际,扩大知识面;同时专业实习又是锻炼和培养学生业务能力及素质的重要渠道,培养当代大学生具有吃苦耐劳的精神,也是学生接触社会、了解产业状况、了解国情的一个重要途径,逐步实现由学生到社会的转变,培养我们初步担任技术工作的能力、初步了解企业管理的基本方法和技能;体验企业工作的内容和方法。这些实际知识,对我们学习后面的课程乃至以后的工作,都是十分必要的基础。

①掌握机械加工工艺方面的知识及方法

②了解切削刀具方面的知识,熟悉常用刀具的结构、选择、用途等

③了解机床和数控系统的知识,特别是加工中心等典型的数控设备

④了解企业生产管理模式,学习先进的管理方式方法

⑤熟悉、巩固铸造工艺及设备方面的知识

① 柳州工程机械厂-------------6月21日整天

② 柳州东风汽车厂-------------6月22日下午

③ 柳州钢铁厂-----------------6月23日上午

④ 柳州力风塑料成型机厂-------6月23日下午

⑤ 上汽通用五菱公司-----------6月24日整天

⑥ 整理,写实习报告-----------6月24日---7月2日

定点实习厂

柳州东风汽车厂简介

东风柳汽公司是东风汽车公司的控股子公司,也是东风汽车公司在南方重要的载货汽车和轻型乘用汽车生产基地,国家大型一档企业。它还是国内第一家生产中型柴油载重汽车的企业,赢得了“柴油东风,柳汽正宗”的美誉。

1991年,东风柳汽创出了“乘龙”品牌并迅速形成市场知名度,奠定了“一门双杰,东风乘龙”的产品格局。

自从1997年成为国内最早通过iso9000质量认证的汽车生产企业之后,东风柳汽的事业就上了一个台阶。xx年,东风柳汽公司更是推出面向公务、商务和休闲旅游用车市场的新一代多功能轻型车-东风“风行”商旅车,吹响了进军国内高档轻型乘用车市场的号角。

目前,东风柳汽已形成年产“东风”和“乘龙”商用车60000辆、“风行”乘用车30000辆的生产能力。

柳州汽车厂六个发展历程

(1) 建厂期:上世纪50年代,主要以农用机械为主。

(2) 1969年:生产出2.5t载用柳江牌卡车。

(3) 1981年:生产出柴油翻斗车,同时加入了中国第二汽车制造厂,采用东风品牌。

(4) 1991年:柳汽生产出新品牌---乘龙(平头车)。

(5) 1997年:以75%的股权加入东风集团,成为其子公司,正式更名为东风柳州汽车有限公司。

(6) xx年,成立东风集团和雷诺公司

生产基地:主厂、二基地

(85年始建,位于柳江县,占地为714亩)、三基地

七大车间:车桥车间、机械车间、工装车间、热处理车间、车架车间、车身车间、总装车间

四大部件:汽车前后桥、举升器油缸、车架、车身

生产线:重车线、大车线、小车线

xx年生产能力:大车60000辆 小车30000辆

乘龙精神:自立自强 创优创新 同心同德 为国为民

通过在柳汽公司车桥厂的实习,我们比较全面地了解机械加工及相关典型零件的生产技术过程。初步了解典型的机电一体化产品和设备的生产过程、培养我们收集资料的能力及提高分析问题的能力,使我们更好地学习、掌握机械工程专业知识。 机械加工工艺方面我们重点了解了左壳–锥齿轮差速器这一典型零件的机械加工工艺过程,听了有关技术人员对其的具体分析。并记下了该零件的工艺过程卡和工序卡等工艺文件。具体如下:(对应的工艺过程卡、工艺简图和工序卡见附录)

由于汽车转弯时,左右两边轮子的行程不同,所以转速不同,为防止转弯时出现滑动、滑拖现象,必须使用差速器调节两边轮子的转速。左壳–锥齿轮差速器是用来固定支承轴承,防止微尘和外来颗粒侵入到锥齿轮差速器里面和防止锥齿轮差速器里面的润滑油外泻。零件结构比较简单,在结构上成对称分布。生产纲领约为63000个,属于大批量生产。

零件一般是由毛胚加工而成。在现有的生产条件下,毛胚主要有铸件,锻件和冲压件等几个种类。铸件是把熔化的金属液浇注到预先制作的铸型腔中,待其冷却凝固后获得的零件毛胚。在一般机械中,铸件的重量大都占总机重量的50%以上,它是零件毛胚的最主要来源。铸件的突出优点是它可以是各种形状复杂的零件毛胚,特别是具有复杂内腔的零件毛胚,此外,铸件成本低廉。其缺点是在其生产过程中,工序多,铸件质量难以控制,铸件机械性能较差,锻件是利用冲击力或压力使用,加热后的金属胚料产生塑性变形,从而获得的零件毛胚。锻件的结构复杂程度往往不及铸件。但是,锻件具有良好的内部组织,从而具有良好的机械性能。所以用于做承受重载和冲击载荷的重要机器零件和工具的毛胚,冲压件是利用冲床和专用模具,使金属板料产生塑性变形或分离,从而获得的制体。冲压通常是在常温下进行,冲压件具有重量轻,刚性好,尺寸精度高等优点,在很多情况下冲压件可直接作为零件使用。选择毛胚还应该考虑的原因

(1)零件的力学性能要求 相同的的材料采用不同的毛胚制造的方法,其力学性能有所不同。铸铁的强度,离心浇注,压力浇注的铸体,金属型浇注的铸体,沙型浇注的铸体依次递减;钢质零件的锻造毛胚,其力学性能高于钢质棒料和铸钢体。

(2)零件的结构形状和外廓尺寸,直径相差不大的阶梯轴宜采用棒料。相差较大时宜采用锻件。形状复杂的毛胚不宜采用金属型铸造。尺寸较大的毛胚,不宜采用摸锻,压铸和精铸。多采用沙型铸造和自由锻造。外型复杂的小零件宜采用精密铸造的方法

(3)生产纲领和批量 生产纲领大时宜采用高精度与高生产率的毛胚制造方法,生产纲领小时,宜采用设备投资小的毛胚制造方法

(4)现场

生产条件和发展 应该经过技术经济分析和论证

零件的材料为qt450-10,根据零件结构简单和对称分布的特点,零件的生产纲领为大批量生产,

后 记

为期两周的实习结束了,在这期间我们总共在五个单位进行参观实习,在老师和工厂技术人员的带领下看到了很多也学到了很多。让我对原先在课本上许多不很明白的东西在实践观察中有了新的领悟和认识。

在这个科技时代中,高技术产品品种类繁多,生产工艺、生产流程也各不相同,但不管何种产品,从原料加工到制成产品都是遵循一定的生产原理,通过一些主要设备及工艺流程来完成的。因此,在专业实习过程中,首先要了解其生产原理,弄清生产的工艺流程和主要设备的构造及操作。其次,在专业人员指导下,通过实习过程见习产品的设计、生产及开发等环节,初步培养我们得知识运用能力。概括起来有以下几方面:

1.了解了当代机械工业的发展概况,生产目的、生产程序及产品供求情况。

2.了解了机械产品生产方法和技术路线的选择,工艺条件的确定以及流程的编制原则。

3.了解了机械产品的质量标准、技术规格、包装和使用要求。

4.在企业员工的指导下,见习生产流程及技术设计环节,锻炼自己观察能力及知识运用能力。

5.社会工作能力得到了相应的提高,在实习过程中,我们不仅从企业职工身上学到了知识和技能,更使我们学会了企业中科学的管理方式和他们的敬业精神。感到了生活的充实和学习的快乐,以及获得知识的满足。真正的接触了社会,使我们消除了走向社会的恐惧心里,使我们对未来充满了信心,以良好的心态去面对社会。同时,也使我们体验到了工作的艰辛,了解了当前社会大学生所面临的严峻问题,促使自己努力学习更多的知识,为自己今后的工作奠定良好的基础。

6.增进了我们的师生感情,从这次生产实习的全过程来看,自始至终我们都服从老师的安排,严格要求自己,按时报到,注重安全。

本次实习使我第一次亲身感受了所学知识与实际的应用,理论与实际的相结合,让我们大开眼界,也算是对以前所学知识的一个初审吧!这次生产实习对于我们以后学习、找工作也真是受益菲浅。在短短的一个星期中,让我们初步让理性回到感性的重新认识,也让我们初步的认识了这个社会,对于以后做人所应把握的方向也有所启发!

机械厂实训报告3000篇二

通过完成毕业实习过程,结合毕业设计或论文选题深入工厂企业实地参观与调查,达到以下的实习目的在这个基础上把所学的专业理论知识与实践紧密结合起来,提高实际工作能力与分析能力,以达到学以致用的目的。

1、了解机器人的具体结构及其工作原理

2、掌握工业机器人的运动形式及其类型

3、汽车产品的生产工艺过程及企业基本生产状况

4、汽车的类型、结构,工作原理及各零件的作用

5、了解与熟悉汽车生产的各工艺过程。包括整车装配部件生产等。

6、了解与熟悉汽车生产企业的生产组织过程。

7、了解国内外汽车工业的发展现状及趋势。

8、收集毕业设计内容的相关资料。

9、了解与熟悉汽车生产的各工艺过程。包括整车装配部件生产等。

xx包装机械厂

xxxx年xx月

xx包装机械有限公司是xx国xx包装机械株式会社[公司总部在xx国xx,已有30余年的发展历史在华投资的跨国企业。公司全套引进国外技术与管理,汇集优秀人才,全心致力于热收缩设备的研制开发与生产制造,产品有l式、袖筒式、枕式三大系列,160多个品种。产品科技含量高,生产工艺先进,有多种机型为国内首创,国际。

1、机器人应用和发展前景综述

研制机器人的最初目的是为了帮助人们摆脱繁重劳动或简单的重复劳动,以及替代人到有辐射等危险环境中进行作业,因此机器人最早在汽车制造业和核工业领域得以应用。随着机器人技术的不断发展,工业领域的焊接、喷漆、搬运、装配、铸造等场合,己经开始大量使用机器人。另外在军事、海洋探测、航天、医疗、农业、林业甚到服务娱乐行业,也都开始使用机器人。

2、国内外机器人的主要应用方面

从机器人的用途来分,可以分为两大类、军用机器人和民用机器人。

军用机器人主要用于军事上代替或辅助军队进行作战、侦察、探险等工作。根据不同的作战空间可分为地面军用机器人、空中军用机器人(即无人飞行机)、水下军用机器人和空间军用机器人等。军用机器人的控制方式一般有自主操控式、半自主操控式、遥控式等多种方式。

在民用机器人中,各种生产制造领域中的工业机器人在数量上占绝对多数,成为机器人家族中的主力军;其它各种种类的机器人也开始在不同的领域得到研究开发和应用。工业机器人是机器人中数量和种类最多的一种机器人,广泛用于工业领域的各行各业。工业机器人一般由机械本体、控制器、伺服驱动系统和检测传感装置等构成,是一种仿人操作、自动控制、可重复编程、能在三维空间完成各种作业的机电一体化自动化生产设备。特别适合于多品种、变批量的柔性生产。它对稳定、提高产品质量,提高生产效率,改善劳动条件和产品的快速更新换代起着十分重要的作用。工业机器人并不是在简单意义上代替人的劳动,而是综合了人的特长和机器特长的一种拟人的电子机械装置,既有人对环境状态的快速反应和分析判断能力,又有机器可长时间持续工作、精确度高、抗恶劣环境的能力,从某种意义上说它也是机器的进化过程产物,它是工业以及非产业界的重要生产和服务性设备,也是先进制造技术领域不可缺少的自动化设备。

机器人技术是综合了计算机、控制论、机构学、信息和传感技术、人工智能、仿生学等多学科而形成的高新技术,是当代研究十分活跃,应用日益广泛的领域。机器人应用情况,是一个国家工业自动化水平的重要标志。工业机器人由操作机(机械本体)、控制器、伺服驱动系统和检测传感装置构成,是一种仿人操作、自动控制、可重复编程、能在三维空间完成各种作业的机电一体化自动化生产设备。特别适合于多品种、变批量的柔性生产。它对稳定、提高产品质量,提高生产效率,改善劳动条件和产品的`快速更新换代起着十分重要的作用。机器人技术是综合了计算机、控制论、机构学、信息和传感技术、人工智能、仿生学等多学科而形成的高新技术,是当代研究十分活跃,应用日益广泛的领域。机器人应用情况,是一个国家工业自动化水平的重要标志。

工业机械手是近几十年发展起来的一种高科技自动化生产设备。工业机械手是工业机器人的一个重要分支。它的特点是可通过编程来完成各种预期的作业任务,在构造和性能上兼有人和机器各自的优点,尤其体现了人的智能和适应性。机械手作业的准确性和各种环境中完成作业的能力,在国民经济各领域有着广阔的发展前景。随着工业自动化的发展,出现了数控加工中心,它在减轻工人的劳动强度的同时,大大提高了劳动生产率。但数控加工中常见的上下料工序,通常仍采用人工操作或传统继电器控制的半自动化装置。前者费时费工、效率低;后者因设计复杂,需较多继电器,接线繁杂,易受车体振动干扰,而存在可靠性差、故障多、维修困难等问题。可编程序控制器plc控制的上下料机械手控制系统动作简便、线路设计合理、具有较强的抗干扰能力,保证了系统运行的可靠性,降低了维修率,提高了工作效率。机械手技术涉及到力学、机械学、电气液压技术、自动控制技术、传感器技术和计算机技术等科学领域,是一门跨学科综合技术。

机械手是一种能自动化定位控制并可重新编程序以变动的多功能机器,它有多个自由度,可用来搬运物体以完成在各个不同环境中工作。在工资水平较低的中国,塑料制品行业尽管仍属于劳动力密集型,机械手的使用已经越来越普及。那些电子和汽车业的欧美跨国公司很早就在它们设在中国的工厂中引进了自动化生产。但现在的变化是那些分布在工业密集的华南、华东沿海地区的中国本土塑料加工厂也开始对机械手表现出越来越浓厚的兴趣,因为他们要面对工人流失率高,以及交带来的挑战。

通过实习,不仅扩大和巩固已学过的基础理论和专业知识,了解和掌握机械制造生产过程的实践知识,还为以后的学习和和工作打下良好的基础。培养理论联系实际的能力,是自己学会在实际生产中通过调查研究发现问题并运用所学的知识分析问题和解决问题的基本思路和方法。了解机械制造企业的总体布局、生产组织与管理情况,是自己对机械产品的生产过程,机械生产企业的生产组织与管理工作有一个初步的认识。了解制造技术的领域的科技发展新动态,了解新技术、新材料、新工艺在机械制造生产的实际应用。同时我们熟练操作了数控机床,熟练数控机床的日常维护及常见的故障的判断和处理,进一步掌握数控程序的编程的方法,以便能够系统、完整的掌握数控技术,更快更好的适应机械专业的发展和需要。通过实习了解了解制造领域的技术工人的工作特点,增强热爱劳动,热爱所学专业的情趣。

在实习过程中,老师耐心地给我们讲解数控软件上面每个指令的使用,在老师的指导下,我们很快就上手了,踏入了数控这个门槛,还适当地给我们布置些作业,我们也积极认真地对待,认真完成每一次老师布置下来的任务。在完成任务之余,我们还发挥自己的想象空间,自己尝试着车一些自己想要有图案零件,效果还不错。课本上学的知识都是最基本的知识,不管现实情况怎样变化,抓住了最基本的就可以以不变应万变。如今有不少学生实习时都觉得课堂上学的知识用不上,出现挫折感,可我觉得,要是没有书本知识作铺垫,又哪应付瞬息万变的社会呢?经过这次实习,虽然时间很短,可我学到的却是我一个学期在学校难以了解的。就比如何与同事们相处,相信人际关系是现今不少大学生刚踏出社会遇到的一大难题,于是在实习时我便有意观察前辈们是如何和同事以及上级相处的,而自己也尽量虚心求教。要搞好人际关系并不仅仅限于本部门,还要跟别的部门例如市场部的同事相处好,那工作起来的效率才高,人们所说的“和气生财”在我们的日常工作中也是不无道理的。而且在工作中常与前辈们聊聊天不仅可以放松一下神经,而且可以学到不少工作以外的事情,尽管许多情况我们不一定遇到,可有所了解做到心中有底,也算是此次实习的其中一个目的了。毕业实习是学生在校其间的最后一次实践性教学环节,主要结合毕业设计课题熟悉毕业设计相关内容,培养学生查阅、收集资料的能力,熟悉各种工程设计规范,锻炼学生走向社会的综合技术技能和社交能力。

总的说来我们这次的生产实习是十分圆满的,从中我们不仅对我们曾经学习的理论知识有了更加深刻的理解,对接下来的学习起到了很大的帮助,而且也对我们在实际操作各种车床,对产品的设计,实验和加工带来很多新的思路,我们是带着渴望的心情而来,带着满意的笑容而归的,这样的生产实习对于我们这些在校的大学生来说是一次难得而宝贵的实践机会,这给我们以后的学习带来了很大的动力,也会我们以后的工作带来了很大的启发,使我们对未来能从事这样的工作而感到了自豪。

机械厂实训报告3000篇三

生产实习是机自专业知识结构中不可缺少的组成,并以独立的项目列入专业教学计划中的。其目的在于通过实习使学生获得基本生产的感性知识,理论联系实际,扩大知识面;同时专业实习又是锻炼和培养学生动手能力及素质的重要渠道,培养当代大学生吃苦耐劳的精神,也是学生接触社会、了解产业状况、了解国情的一个重要途径,逐步实现由学生到社会的转变,培养我们初步担任技术工作的能力、初步了解企业管理的基本方法和技能;体验企业工作的内容和方法。这些实际知识,对我们学习后面的课程乃至以后的工作,都是十分必要的基础。

①、掌握机械加工工艺方面的知识及方法;

②、熟悉、巩固铸造工艺及设备方面的知识;

③、了解企业生产管理模式,学习先进的管理方法;

④、了解机床和数控系统的知识,特别是加工中心等典型的数控设备;⑤、了解切削刀具的知识,熟悉常用刀具的结构、选择、用途等。

xx科技有限公司位于xx小区5号楼。公司自成立以来,一直秉承“诚于心,信于行”的经营理念。公司秉承“以人为本、和而不同”的企业发展理念,倾力打造一个融合、友爱、进取的发展环境,夯实公司跨越式发展的基础。坚持以一流的专业水准,一流的敬业精神,一流的服务意识,勤奋细致的工作态度为客户服务。我们将秉承“用心经营、不断进取、勇攀新高”的理念,乘风破浪,直挂云帆,一起努力去实现美好愿景。

我们去的是xx公司,进入车间看到了成排的立式加工中心,32刀库的xx机床,走近机床,透过玻璃窗,看到正在加工的钢件,之后老师安排我们跟着各位公司员工,学习观察。公司员工人很好,对我们管的也比较松,我并未跟随员工进行观察生产,我做的第一件事就是仔细研究车间分布,车间拥有的资源,有哪些工具和基础材料,工具的使用方法和材料的型号。车间里有各种各样的工具箱,第一次看到觉得很乱,各种东西放的到处都是,后来才觉得虽然乱但很方便,如果是自己,可能也会这么放。

车间不是很大,各种螺丝、垫片、锉刀、六角螺、扳手等等工具型号一应俱全,打孔机,切割机等机械工具虽然看起来挺老的,用着也还顺手。之后就是观看工艺流程卡片,并记录下来。

我们在实践过程中主要是了解工厂的工业生产业务,制造大、中、小型各类零部件的机床的工作过程,工作原理以及生产加工各类零部件的流程。实习期间认真听从了指导老师的安排与同学们分组进行参观学习,认真听取各工厂师傅和老师的讲解,了解各车间的安全细则和规章,学习师傅给我们讲解的各类大型、中型机器的工作原理和操作规范及各种产品的工艺过程,并与所学理论知识进行对比,获益匪浅。

加工共分为六步、一对刀、二退刀、三进给、四试车削、五测量、六加工,接着老师又详细讲解了一些车削的问题。之后我们班就分成了三组,每组一台机床,老师又详细给我们介绍了机床的各个部分以及它的用途。等我们全部明白之后,老师在每台机床上安上了一块圆柱形的铁块和刀具,给我们示范了一遍,然后我们就一个一个的接着练习车削了,我们每个人都按着老师说的那六步来,刚开始每个人都有点紧张,操作不正确,但是经过每个人多次操练后,熟练了就不会出现原来出现的错误。还真应正那句“熟能生巧”。

通过实习发现作为生产管理者,对每一个员工的的身体健康水平、生活困难情况、业务水平能力、等等一系列直接与员工生产、生活密切有关的情况都应该关心和帮助,消除其思想负担,解决其后顾之忧。使之感受到来自工厂和领导的关爱,使之感受到在工厂工作过程中也充满人性的真情,也就能够全身心的投入生产工作中来。这也是管理者本身素质的体现。

牢固的建立员工的主人翁意识,让每一个员工成为工厂的主人。以厂为家,把工厂的事情当作自己的事情来做,建设工厂就是建设自己的家园,为工厂的顺利生产和未来的发展积极的出谋划策,提出可行性的合理建议。

在这个科技时代中,高技术产品品种类繁多,生产工艺、生产流程也各不相同,但不管何种产品,从原料加工到制成产品都是遵循一定的生产原理,通过一些主要设备及工艺流程来完成的。因此,在专业实习过程中,首先要了解其生产原理,弄清生产的工艺流程和主要设备的构造及操作。其次,在专业人员指导下,通过实习过程见习产品的设计、生产及开发等环节,初步培养了我们得知识运用能力。概括起来有以下几方面、

①、了解了当代机械工业的发展概况,生产目的、生产程序及产品供求情况。

②、了解了机械产品生产方法和技术路线的选择,工艺条件的确定以及工艺规程的编制原则。

③、了解了机械产品的质量标准、技术规格、包装和使用要求。

④、在企业员工的指导下,通过见习生产流程及技术设计环节,锻炼了自己观察能力及知识运用能力。

⑤、本次实习使我们的社会工作能力得到了相应的提高。在实习过程中,我们不仅从企业职工身上学到了知识和技能,更使我们学会了企业中科学的管理方式和他们的敬业精神。感到了生活的充实和学习的快乐,以及获得知识的满足。真正的接触了社会,使我们消除了走向社会的恐惧心里,使我们对未来充满了信心,以良好的心态去面对社会。同时,也使我们体验到了工作的艰辛,了解了当前社会大学生所面临的严峻问题,促使自己努力学习更多的知识,为自己今后的工作奠定良好的基础。

⑥、本次实习还增进了我们的师生感情。从这次生产实习的全过程来看,自始至终我们都服从老师的安排,严格要求自己,按时报到,注重安全。

本次实习使我第一次亲身感受了所学知识与实际的应用,理论与实际的相结合,让我们大开眼界,也算是对以前所学知识的一个初审吧!这次生产实习对于我们以后学习、找工作也真是受益菲浅。在短短的一个星期中,让我们初步让理性回到感性的重新认识,也让我们初步的认识了这个社会,对于以后做人所应把握的方向也有所启发。很感谢学校给我们安排了这次实习,很感谢工厂里的师傅。虽说我在这七天里没有圆满的完成学校给我们安排的任务,但我收获了其他方面的东西,收获了自己以后的人生奋斗的方向。7天,短暂的交流足以够我用一辈子了!

机械厂实训报告3000篇四

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机械厂实训报告3000篇八

1、通过在xx市xx机床厂生产实习,深入生产第一线进行观察和调查研究,获取必要的感性知识和使自己全面地了解机xx机床厂的生产组织形式以及生产过程,了解和掌握本专业基础的生产实际知识,巩固和加深已学过的理论知识,并为后续专业课的教学,课程设计,毕业设计打下坚实的基础。

2、在实习期间,通过对典型零件机械加工工艺的分析,以及零件加工过程中所用的机床,夹具、量具等工艺装备,把理论知识和实践相结合起来,让我们的考察,分析和解决问题的工作能力得到有效的提高。

3、通过实习,广泛接触工人和听工人技术人员的专题报告,学习他们的好的增产经验,技术革新和成果,实践中的经验,学习他们在机械行中的无私贡献精神。

4、通过参观南通市正鑫机床厂,掌握一台机床从毛坯到产品的整个生产过程,组织管理,设备选择和车间布置等方面的知识,扩大知识面,开阔了视野。

5、通过记实习日记,写实习报告,锻炼与培养我们的观察,分析问题以及搜集和整理技术资料等方面的能力。

为了达到上述实习目的,生产实习的内容和要求有、

1、机械零件的加工

根据实习工厂的产品,选定几种典型零件作为实习对象,通过对典型零件机械加工工艺的学习,掌握各类机器零件加工工艺的特点,了解工艺在工厂中所用的机床,刀具,夹具的工作原理和机构以及定位方式,在此基础上指定其中几个典型的零件进行重点的分析研究,要求如下、

(1)、阅读和查阅典型零件的零件图及其加工图,了解该零件在机床中的功用及工作条件,零件的结构特点及要求,分析此零件的加工工序、工艺。

(2)、大致了解毛坯的制造工艺过程,找出铸(锻)件、型材的分型(模)面。

(3)、深入了解零件的制造工艺过程以及零件的制造前所需要的哪些处理,找出现场加工工艺情况;

(4)、对主要零件加工工序、工艺做进一步的分析,并做好工序卡片、工艺卡片。

2、装配工艺

(1)、了解机械的装配组织形式和装配工艺方法和装配工艺所需要注意的精度、平行度、垂直度的要求。

(2)、了解个中装配方法中的优、缺点,如何避免缺点;及装配方法使用类型、要求。

(3)、了解典型装配工具在装配方法中的工作原理,结构特点和使用方法。

3、基本知识;铣削加工的特点、应用范围。

(1)所实习摇臂万能铣床的基本结构、加工范围。

(2)摇臂万能铣床中铣刀的种类、结构、应用及安装。

(3)摇臂万能铣床常用附件的工作原理、加工方法与应用。

(4)摇臂万能铣床工件的安装及定位方式。

(5)平面、沟槽导轨面的铣削方法,尺寸以及一些重要精度的检验,铣削用量的选择。

(1)、第一周了解车间及工件大体情况

(2)、第一周分析万能摇臂铣床六大件的加工工艺

1、摇臂万能铣床的主要特点是可以转任何一个角度,所应用的场合一般是单件小批量生产;

2、摇臂万能铣床的六大件分别是悬梁、转盘、床身、工作台、床鞍、升降台;该铣床的导轨分为移置导轨和滑动导轨两种导轨,其中滑动导轨需要淬火处理,一般较长的导轨需要淬火;

3、摇臂万能铣床在铣齿轮时需要装分度头,装刀时刀具与主轴锥面紧密结合,这样使不易变形;同时铣床的锥度有7、24不能自锁,而莫氏锥度能自锁。

4、牛头刨床加工效率低,应加工窄长面工件,万能磨床可以磨轴类外圆柱、孔、和锥面;以及加工其他东西;

4、工作台面加工需要注意、平行度,平面度,精度等;工作台面表面需要进行淬火处理;在安装时需要用百分表进行精度调整而且精度的调整要与国家标准来对照;

5、床鞍轴承上、下两半圆在镗床上安装好以后再进行加工;

6、升降台之间设计迷宫形油槽的作用是为了让润滑油不易益处,使工作台面能够有效地润滑;

7、万能摇臂铣床x轴方向丝杆动,螺母不动;y轴方向丝杆不动,螺母动;z轴方向丝杆动,螺母不动;当丝杆不动螺母不动时就是卡死现象;

8、铣床与刨床加工工件的不同特点、铣床用于加工较大的面(如底面),加工效率较高;而刨床加工t形槽和窄长面(如导轨面);

9、粗磨与精磨得基准是统一的,定位时与百分表接触,如果机床本身精度有问题需要人工进行精度的调整;

10、夹紧与孔的大小,接触面的面积大小,水平面是否水平有着密切的联系;

11、工作台一般用铸件毛坯来加工,材料牌号ht250,仅第一步,钳(划线)分为两个步骤、一、以划线为基准,划出台面余量线、中心线;二、其余按要求划出各面的余量加工线;此道工序在大件车间完成,在铣床或刨床上加工;

12、升降台的导轨面有两种、水平导轨面、垂直导轨面;

13、砂轮越程槽、为了加工方便而设立的,此砂轮越程槽在刨床上加工;设立的目的是为了防止在加工燕尾导轨时将刀具打坏;

13、加工工件时需要考虑效率、成本、和精度,具体要求由工厂情况而定;

14、在机床上加工工件时,必须用夹具装好夹牢工件。将工件装好,就是在机床上确定工件相对于刀具的正确位置,这一过程称为定位。将工件夹牢,就是对工件施加作用力,使之在已经定好的位置上将工件可靠地夹紧,这一过程称为夹紧。从定位到夹紧的全过程,称为装夹。

15、工件的装夹方法有找正装夹法和夹具装夹法两种。装夹方法是以工件的有关表面或专门划出的线痕作为找正依据,用划针或指示表进行找正,将工件正确定位,然后将工件夹用虎钳中,按侧边划出的加工线痕,用划针找正。

16、工作夹紧概述

夹紧的目的是防止工件在切削力、重力、惯性力等的作用下发生位移或振动,以免破坏工件的定位。因此正确设计的夹紧机构应满足下列基本要求:

(1)夹紧应不破坏工件的正确定位;

(2)夹紧装置应有足够的刚性;

(3)夹紧时不应破坏工件表面,不应使工件产生超过允许范围的变形;

(4)能用较小的夹紧力获得所需的夹紧效果;

(5)工艺性好,在保证生产率的前提下结构应简单,便于制造、维修和操作。手动夹紧机构应具有自锁性能。

17、工件在夹具中定位的任务是、使同一工序中的一批工件都能在夹具中占据正确的位置。工件定位的实质就是要限制对加工有影响的自由度。

18、加工中心中贴塑导轨的加工过程、加工面拉毛、滑铣、晾干、涂胶、最后压紧,一般要压紧48小时;

19、在检验燕尾是否是55度,应于标准化进行接触磨(涂色法);

20、工作面是否水平需要水平仪来检测,将水平仪放在桥板上首尾相接,依次测量;

21、若精加工以后的重要工作面上有夹砂和气孔时,先将夹砂和气孔钻掉,然后再进行塞补;

22、在介绍测量工作台面平面度时,先建立一个假想平面,在上面放三个等高块,需要用平尺和可调量块,如图所示:

23、发蓝处理、强制性的氧化措施

24、升降台的砂轮越程槽加工时一定要在淬火之前,因为淬火之后工件不易加工;

25、工作台的加工先加工工作台面,再以工作台面为粗基准加工导轨面;

26、镗床夹具镗床夹具又称镗模,是一种精密夹具,主要用于加工箱体类零件上的孔或孔系。

27、镗床夹具由主要部分组一个完整的镗床夹具,应该由夹具体、定位装置、夹紧装置、带有引导元件的导向支架及套筒、镗杆等主要部分组成。

28、工件在镗床夹具上常用的定位形式工件在镗床夹具上常用的定位形式有用圆柱孔、外圆柱面、平面、v形面及用圆柱销同v形导轨面、圆柱销同平面、垂直面的联合定位等。

29、钻床夹具的主要类型钻床夹具简称钻模,主要用于加工孔及螺纹。它主要由钻套、钻模板、定位及夹紧装置夹具体组成。

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